区域剥夺和患者复杂性预测心力衰竭患者的低价值医疗保健利用率
Nursing research
|December 1, 2024
概括
社会风险和患者复杂性显著预测心力衰竭 (HF) 患者的低价值医疗保健利用率. 机器学习模型将区域贫困指数确定为一个关键预测指标,有助于针对性干预.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 心力衰竭 (HF) 影响了超过670万美国成年人,社会风险和患者复杂性影响了医疗保健使用.
- 低价值的利用 (例如,急诊室访问,住院治疗超过门诊护理) 在复杂的HF患者中很普遍.
研究的目的:
- 评估患者的复杂性和社会风险如何影响HF患者的低价值医疗保健利用.
- 使用机器学习方法来识别低价值利用的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 应用监督机器学习,特别是基于树的预测建模 (决策树,随机森林).
- 在2022年纽约西部成人高频数据集上使用70/30分割和k倍交叉验证验证模型.
- 使用AUC,MCC,灵敏度,特异性,精度和NPV等指标评估模型性能.
主要成果:
- 区域贫困指数 (社会风险的代理),慢性疾病,年龄和物质使用障碍预测了低值的利用率.
- 随机森林模型的表现优于决策树,将困难确定为额外的重要变量.
- 在这两种模型中,区域贫困指数成为主要预测指标.
结论:
- 这项研究是第一个在HF人群中研究在HF人群中使用不足门诊服务的个体中低价值利用的研究.
- 虽然随机森林表现出优异的表现,但两种模型都发现了类似的关键特征,区域剥夺指数至关重要.
- 决策树提供了更好的解释性,具有临床应用的特定切断点,而这两种模型都可以为目标干预工具提供信息.
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