在工作中自杀和过量服用:致命职业伤害人口普查,2011-2022年
Hope M Tiesman1, Scott Hendricks1
1Division of Safety Research, Analysis and Field Evaluations Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia.
American journal of preventive medicine
|December 1, 2024
概括
从2011年到2022年,职场过量使用死亡人数升了560%,而自杀人数则保持稳定. 这些趋势凸显了美国劳动力中关键的公共卫生问题,需要立即关注.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 中年白人美国人的预期寿命下降与自杀和药物过量有关.
- 工作是健康的重要社会决定因素,但它在这个人口趋势中的作用还没有得到充分研究.
- 这项研究研究了2011年至2022年期间在美国的职场自杀和过量死亡事件.
研究的目的:
- 描述美国工作场所自杀和过量死亡的趋势.
- 分析这些致命事件中的人口和职业差异.
- 为公共卫生干预提供信息,解决工作场所安全和物质使用问题.
主要方法:
- 利用了"致死性职业伤害人口普查"数据库中的数据.
- 使用当前人口调查计算的死亡率.
- 采用自动回归线性回归来模拟年度趋势,考虑序列相关性.
主要成果:
- 在2011年至2022年期间,职场过量死亡人数增加了560% (每10万工人0.05至0.33).
- 在同一时期,职场自杀率保持相对稳定 (每10万工人0.19至0.17).
- 运输/仓储和农业/渔业/林业部门的过量死亡率最高.
结论:
- 工作场所的自杀和过量使用呈现出明显的趋势,并在各个行业和职业中产生不同的影响.
- 随着工作场所过量使用的比例不断上升,迫切需要公共卫生干预和关注.
- 了解这些趋势对于减轻社会因素对劳动力健康的影响至关重要.
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