中美洲北部的胃癌负担
Arnoldo Riquelme1,2, Christian C Abnet3
1Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
概括
胃癌是全球主要的健康威胁,特别是在中美洲,发病率很高,生存率很低. 实施基于证据的建议对于降低这些资源有限地区的死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 胃癌是全球癌症死亡的第四大原因,发病率在地理位置上有显著差异.
- 虽然美国是发病率较低的国家,但胃癌不成比例地影响少数群体,特别是来自高发病率地区的移民.
- 北部中美洲国家面临着高胃癌负担,数据有限,预计在没有干预的情况下会增加.
研究的目的:
- 为了强调中美洲北部的胃癌负担.
- 强调在资源有限的环境中需要可行的癌症控制策略.
- 讨论关于减少美洲胃癌死亡率的建议建议.
主要方法:
- 全球胃癌发病率和死亡率数据的综述 (GLOBOCAN).
- 来自萨尔瓦多,尼加拉瓜和洪都拉斯的流行病学研究分析.
- 综合最近提出的基于证据的胃癌控制建议.
主要成果:
- 北部中美洲国家出现高胃癌发病率 (8-12/100,000) 和低5年生存率 (<10%).
- 如果没有更新的国家和地区癌症控制计划,预计胃癌的负担将会增加.
- 已经提出了12项建议,包括H. pylori根除和内镜查.
结论:
- 将基于证据的建议转化为实际的,资源适当的计划对于解决中美洲北部高胃癌负担至关重要.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来缓解低收入和中等收入国家胃癌死亡率的增加.
- 解决胃癌差异需要针对移民人口和高发病率地区量身定制的战略.
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