预测面包的食用率是从其感官纹理和物理特性中预测的
Lise A J Heuven1,2, Matthijs Dekker1, Stefano Renzetti3
1Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands. dieuwerke.bolhuis@wur.nl.
Food & function
|December 2, 2024
概括
面包质地显著影响进食速度 (ER),影响能量摄入. 改变面包的方法
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 人类营养人类营养
- 感官科学 感官科学
背景情况:
- 进食率 (ER) 是能量摄入的一个关键决定因素.
- 食品质地和物理特性是已知的ER调节器,但它们的具体影响需要进一步量化.
- 了解这些关系可以为管理食物消费的策略提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 调查面包质地和物理特性对食量 (ER) 的影响.
- 根据面包的感官和物理属性,开发ER的预测模型.
- 探索如何修改面包的特征可以潜在地减少ER,防止过度消费.
主要方法:
- 一项随机交叉研究涉及36名健康参与者,他们食用了9种不同的面包类型.
- 使用视频编码分析了口头处理行为.
- 通过视觉模拟秤来评估感官纹理,并使用纹理分析,穿孔测试和几何/水相关评估来测量物理性质. 响应表面方法 (RSM) 用于开发预测模型.
主要成果:
- 观察到ER的显著差异,面包切片消费速度最慢,软面包最快 (40%的差异).
- 较慢的ER与较小的咬伤大小和更多的咬有关.
- 感官相关性:ER与碎片粘度正相关,与碎片干燥度负相关. 物理相关性:ER与高度和体积正相关,与碎片凝聚力和地硬度负相关. 物理性质模型 (R2 = 0.91) 在预测ER方面略高于感觉模型 (R2 = 0.89).
结论:
- 面包的质地,以感官和物理特性为特征,显著影响进食速度.
- 基于物理性质的预测模型提供了一个可靠的方法来估计ER.
- 针对性地修改面包的物理和感官属性可以有效地降低进食率,可能有助于预防过度消费.
相关概念视频
Tactile and Chemical Senses
279
Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
279
Taste Buds and Receptors
1.8K
Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
1.8K
Fineness of Cement
118
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
Direct...
118
Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate
261
Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
When all pores in an aggregate are filled with water, the aggregate is considered saturated and surface-dry. If left in dry air, water will evaporate until the...
When all pores in an aggregate are filled with water, the aggregate is considered saturated and surface-dry. If left in dry air, water will evaporate until the...
261
Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate
131
The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
When aggregates are exposed to rain or sit in stockpiles, they absorb moisture, which must be...
When aggregates are exposed to rain or sit in stockpiles, they absorb moisture, which must be...
131
Estimation of the Physical Quantities
4.2K
On many occasions, physicists, other scientists, and engineers need to make estimates of a particular quantity. These are sometimes referred to as guesstimates, order-of-magnitude approximations, back-of-the-envelope calculations, or Fermi calculations. The physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for his ability to estimate various kinds of data with surprising precision. Estimating does not mean guessing a number or a formula at random. Instead, estimation means using prior experience and sound...
4.2K


