控制叙事:在患有发展性语言障碍的儿童中,叙事能力和执行功能之间的关系
Lonneke Janssen1,2, Annette Scheper1,2, Constance Vissers1,2
1Royal Dutch Kentalis, Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands.
Frontiers in psychology
|December 2, 2024
概括
患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童由于语言和执行功能受损,难以讲故事. 工作记忆是叙事技能的关键,建议新的评估和干预目标.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童在语言理解和语言产生方面表现出困难,特别是在叙事能力方面.
- 在早期发育过程中,口头叙事能力受损会对社会互动,心理健康和以后的识字产生负面影响.
- 执行功能 (EF) 对讲故事至关重要,涉及计划,时间/因果顺序以及角色/事件切换.
研究的目的:
- 审查DLD儿童中叙事能力组件和执行功能 (EF) 的相互联系.
- 探索工作记忆,切换和抑制如何与叙事理解和制作相互作用.
- 确定在DLD中叙事评估和干预的潜在方向.
主要方法:
- 文献综述检查了DLD儿童叙事能力和EF之间的关系.
- 对研究的分析侧重于叙事能力的三个组成部分:理解,宏观结构生产和微观结构生产.
- 研究了三个核心EF组件的作用:工作记忆,切换和抑制,以及注意力.
主要成果:
- 工作记忆,特别是更新和监控信息,显著影响叙事能力的所有三个组成部分.
- 对于DLD儿童来说,讲故事的困难可能源于语言障碍和执行功能缺陷.
- 语言和EF都在幼儿时代遵循层次的发育路径,可能会加剧DLD挑战.
结论:
- 工作记忆在DLD儿童的叙事理解和制作中起着至关重要的作用.
- 研究结果表明,针对工作记忆的干预措施可能会改善DLD的叙事技能.
- 需要进一步的研究才能充分理解DLD中的语言和执行控制之间的复杂相互作用.
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