植物性饮食模式和超加工食品消费:英国生物银行的横截面分析
Kiara Chang1, Jennie C Parnham1, Fernanda Rauber2,3
1Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
EClinicalMedicine
|December 2, 2024
概括
植物性饮食虽然很受欢迎,但可以含有大量的超加工食品 (UPF). 这项英国研究发现,与肉食者相比,素食者的UPF摄入量更高,这凸显了需要在饮食转换中专注于最小加工食品的需求.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 饮食模式分析饮食模式分析
背景情况:
- 植物性饮食日益流行,需要了解它们的加工食品含量.
- 超加工食品 (UPF) 在所有饮食模式中都是一个问题,包括素食和素食饮食.
- 关于各种减少肉类饮食策略的UPF消费的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估英国成年人对不同饮食模式的超加工食品 (UPF) 和微加工食品的消费.
- 为了比较常规红肉食者,低红肉食者,柔性食者,鱼类食者,素食者和素食者之间的UPF和最小加工食品摄入量.
- 为公共卫生战略提供信息,促进更健康的饮食转型.
主要方法:
- 对英国生物库参与者的横截面分析 (n=199,502).
- 使用食物频率调查问卷分类的饮食类型 (素食主义者,素食主义者,鱼类食主义者,柔性食主义者,少吃红肉的人,经常吃红肉的人).
- 使用24小时回忆和Nova分类分析的食品和饮料消费;UPF和最小加工食品摄入量计算为每日摄入量 (g/day) 的百分比.
主要成果:
- 素食饮食显示了较高的UPF消费 (+1.3个百分点) 与常规红肉食者相比.
- 低红肉食者 (-1.3个百分点),柔性食者 (-0.8个百分点) 和鱼类食者 (-1.6个百分点) 的UPF消耗量低于常规红肉食者.
- 与普通红肉食者相比,所有非素食饮食类型都消耗了更多的微加工食品.
结论:
- 英国的素食饮食可能含有比以前假定的超加工食品 (UPF) 的含量更高.
- 转向植物性饮食需要仔细注意食物选择,以确保它们不是主要的UPF.
- 鼓励饮食改变的公共卫生倡议应该优先考虑最小加工食品,同时减少肉类消费.
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