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塑料行为缓冲了流浪阿尔巴特罗斯的气候变化
Natasha Gillies1, Jack Thorley1,2, Henri Weimerskirch3
1School of Environmental Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK.
Ecology and evolution
|December 2, 2024
概括
流浪阿尔巴特罗斯调整食行为以应对气候变化,雌性在积极的南方环状模式 (SAM) 阶段改变猎物捕获和移动. 这种行为可塑性有助于保持繁殖成功,尽管气候变化.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 气候变化对全球天气和海洋系统产生重大影响,影响动物的行为和健康.
- 对特定物种对气候变化的反应的详细理解仍然有限.
- 流浪阿尔巴特罗斯 (Diomedea exulans) 是研究这些影响的关键物种,因为它们的食范围很广.
研究的目的:
- 调查气候变化的后果,特别是南方年度模式 (SAM) 和南方振荡指数 (SOI),对流浪阿尔巴特罗斯的行为和健康状况.
- 探索对气候指数的性别特异反应及其对采粮策略的影响.
- 评估个人变异与行为可塑性在缓解气候变化影响中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了11年的追踪数据集,包括300多只游荡鸟.
- 分析了与南方年度模式 (SAM) 和南方振荡指数 (SOI) 的变化相关的行为数据.
- 检查了食之旅的特征,猎物捕获的尝试,以及与气候阶段相关的移动模式.
主要成果:
- 在积极的SAM阶段,雌性表现出较低的食成功行为 (更多的运动,更少的猎物尝试),这与它们的范围中的较差食条件有关.
- 男性在阳性SAM阶段没有显著的行为变化.
- 在积极的SOI阶段 (两性都能很好地寻找食物),男性和女性都表现出更有效的寻找食物 (更短的旅行,更少的尝试,更多的搜索行为),这表明每单位时间增加了食物摄入量.
结论:
- 流浪阿尔巴特罗斯在应对气候变化时表现出明显的,性别特定的行为可塑性,与性别特定的食范围保持一致.
- 食中的行为可塑性似乎是减轻气候影响的关键机制,其对个体繁殖成功缺乏影响证明了这一点.
- 个体间的变化,包括人格差异,发挥了有限的作用,这表明在不断变化的气候条件下,塑料反应在维持生殖产出方面更为重要.
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