深度学习用于水生动物的基因组选择
Yangfan Wang1,2, Ping Ni1, Marc Sturrock3
1MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China.
Marine life science & technology
|December 2, 2024
概括
深度学习 (DL) 增强了水生动物的基因组选择 (GS),以实现更快的遗传进步. DL方法提高了表型,基因型和基因组估计育种价值 (GEBV) 的预测,促进了水产养殖中的分子育种.
科学领域:
- * 水产养殖和动物繁殖
- * 生物信息学和计算生物学
- * 人工智能在遗传学中的应用
背景情况:
- *基因组选择 (GS) 与水生动物育种中的传统方法相比,提供了更高的准确性和遗传收益.
- *人工智能 (AI),特别是深度学习 (DL),越来越多地被用于GS的复杂特征分析.
- * 现有的DL模型是有前途的,但需要进一步整合和验证广泛的水产养殖应用.
研究的目的:
- * 审查深度学习 (DL) 在水生动物基因组选择 (GS) 中的当前应用和未来潜力.
- *评估DL在表型,基因型和预测基因组估计繁殖值 (GEBV) 中的作用.
- *讨论DL技术扩展到各种水产养殖物种和繁殖计划.
主要方法:
- *对包括深度神经网络 (DNN),卷积神经网络 (CNN) 和自动编码器在内的深度学习模型的审查.
- *分析DL在处理表型数据,识别遗传变异 (SNP调用) 和赋予基因型中的应用.
- *通过建模复杂的遗传关系,评估DL在预测基因组估计育种值 (GEBV) 的能力.
主要成果:
- *CNN有效地从水生动物中获取表型数据.
- * DNN 作为单核酸多态 (SNP) 变异调用器,在下一代测序 (NGS) 基因定型中表现出高精度.
- *基于自编码器的归算和稀疏的DNA显著提高了基因型归算的准确性和GEBV预测,通过捕捉复杂的遗传相互作用.
结论:
- * 深度学习方法是提高水生动物基因组选择的准确性和效率的有效工具.
- *DL在表型,基因型和GEBV预测中的应用对于推进分子育种策略至关重要.
- *未来的研究应该集中在扩大DL应用到更多的水产养殖物种,以最大限度地发挥其在行业中的潜力.
相关概念视频
Genetic Screens
4.9K
Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
4.9K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K


