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在理想条件下,工作记忆,压缩和光束造型器之间的关系
Varsha Rallapalli1,2, Richard Freyman3, Pamela Souza1,2
1Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Ear and hearing
|December 2, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,助听器中的定向麦克风处理 (Beam) 可以改善语音识别,特别是在杂的环境中. 虽然工作记忆影响了个体从减少信号扭曲中获益的程度,但它并没有改变不同宽动态范围压缩 (WDRC) 设置的有效性.
科学领域:
- 听力学和听力科学 听力学和听力科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 语音处理 语音处理
背景情况:
- 以前的研究将工作记忆与语音识别联系起来,使用不同的宽动态范围压缩 (WDRC) 时间常量 (快速与快速). 缓慢) 在无向助听器设置中.
- 大多数助听器使用定向处理,这可能与WDRC相互作用,并改善空间隔离条件下的听力.
- 目前对工作记忆在语音识别与定向处理和不同WDRC设置中的作用的理解是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用不同的WDRC时间常数 (快速与快速) 来研究工作记忆能力与噪声中的语音识别之间的关联. 慢慢的) 的意思.
- 检查麦克风定向 (双耳光束制造器与全向) 在空间分离的条件下 (语音在0°,噪音在180°) 对该协会的影响.
- 将这些发现与以前关于WDRC和 colocated条件下的工作记忆的研究进行比较.
主要方法:
- 21名听力损失的参与者在四种助听器条件下 (Beam/Omni,Fast/Slow WDRC) 完成了语音识别测试,在不同的信号噪音比率 (SNR) 下进行了语句和喋喋不休的噪音测试.
- 使用阅读跨度测试评估工作记忆容量.
- 信号扭曲被量化,并分析了它与工作记忆和语音识别的相互作用,特别是在空间分离的条件下.
主要成果:
- 与慢速WDRC相比,快速WDRC的信号扭曲率更高,无论麦克风模式或空间设置如何.
- 双耳光束变频器 (Beam) 处理比全向 (Omni) 处理减少了扭曲和提高了语音识别,特别是在较低的SNR.
- 与假设相反,工作记忆并没有调节 WDRC 时间常数之间的语音识别差异,无论是在 Beam 或 Omni 模式 (空间分离) 中. 然而,当信号扭曲率较低时,更好的工作记忆与更大的语音识别改进相关.
结论:
- 双耳波束造型器为语音识别提供了显著的好处,特别是在具有挑战性的听力环境中,有从后面的噪音.
- 具有较高工作记忆能力的个体更有可能从助听器处理带来的信号扭曲减少中受益.
- 关于语音识别,无论工作记忆能力如何,没有观察到快速与慢速WDRC的明显优势或缺点.
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