幼儿的特征与自闭症诊断观察时间表的诊断实用性有关:一项DBPNet研究
Jill J Fussell1, Ruth E K Stein2, Sandra Friedman3
1Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences/Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR.
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
|December 2, 2024
概括
自闭症诊断观察计划 (ADOS) 对患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的幼儿最有益,这些儿童表现出较轻的症状和较少的语言障碍,因为它可以改变最初的诊断印象. 这种工具有助于完善这些特定病例的诊断.
科学领域:
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 发育行为儿科医生 (DBPs) 在幼儿中诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD).
- 自闭症诊断观察表 (ADOS) 是用于自闭症诊断的工具.
- 了解影响诊断变化的因素对于准确的ASD评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定儿童的特征,其自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断由发育行为儿科医生 (DBP) 被自闭症诊断观察表 (ADOS) 结果改变.
- 为了比较诊断保持稳定的儿童与在ADOS给药后诊断发生变化的儿童.
- 阐明ADOS在细化幼儿ASD诊断中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对1.5岁至6岁以下的儿童进行前性研究,以寻找可能的ASD.
- DBP记录了ADOS前后的诊断印象和确定性.
- 使用匹配样本,将"稳定组" (n=314) 与"变化组" (n=35) 进行比较.
主要成果:
- 两组之间儿童基本人口统计数据没有显著差异.
- 在ADOS前后的"变化组"中,诊断确定性较低.
- 诊断变化与ASD症状较轻,语言障碍较小,以及"变化组"的认知得分较高有关.
结论:
- 在ASD症状较轻和语言障碍较小的幼儿中,ADOS似乎最有益.
- 在特定的儿科群体中,ADOS结果可以修改初始的DBP诊断印象.
- 诊断确定性和症状严重程度是ADOS影响诊断变化的关键因素.
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