精神功能障碍是否独立于大脑功能障碍? 从个人/次个人区分的角度来看
1Department of Philosophy and Division of Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Sveucilisna avenija 4, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia. mjurjako@ffri.uniri.hr.
Discover mental health
|December 2, 2024
概括
这篇论文反对将精神和大脑功能障碍分开. 它得出的结论是,自主主义观点将故意的精神状态与生理大脑过程分开,在精神病学中是不合理的.
科学领域:
- 认知科学哲学 认知科学哲学
- 精神病学哲学 精神病学哲学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 许多精神病医生采用对心灵的自然主义观点,但拒绝将精神功能障碍归结为大脑功能障碍.
- 常见的论点包括心灵软件/大脑硬件类比,它面临着批评.
- 一个较少讨论的论点认为,精神功能障碍 (故意状态) 与大脑功能障碍 (生理过程) 是不同的.
研究的目的:
- 调查心理功能障碍不能归结为大脑功能障碍的观点背后的原因.
- 在认知科学中批判性地检查自主主义者对个人/亚个人区别的观点.
- 确定这种区别是否为精神病学中分离精神和大脑功能障碍提供了有效的理由.
主要方法:
- 关于心脑缩小主义的论点的哲学分析.
- 考察认知科学中个人/次个人层次的解释.
- 批评关于精神和大脑功能障碍分离的自主主义观点.
主要成果:
- 心智软件/大脑硬件类比不足以分离精神和大脑功能障碍.
- 自主主义的观点,它将故意的精神状态与生理大脑过程分开,被批判性地分析.
- 在精神病学背景下,这种分离被发现是不合理的.
结论:
- 自主主义观点并不能为拒绝将精神功能障碍归结为大脑功能障碍提供原则上的理由.
- 在精神病学中,精神和大脑功能障碍在个人和亚个人层面上根本无法分离.
- 在精神病学背景下,对精神和大脑功能的统一理解得到了支持.
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