基于智能手机应用程序的应急管理和阿片类药物使用障碍治疗结果
Elise N Marino1, Tara Karns-Wright1, Matthew C Perez2
1Be Well Institute on Substance Use and Related Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
JAMA network open
|December 2, 2024
概括
基于智能手机应用程序的应急管理 (CM) 与治疗阿片类药物使用障碍 (MOUD) 的药物相结合,显著减少了阿片类药物使用日数,并改善了服务不足患者的治疗保留率.
科学领域:
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 数字健康数字健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 是一个严重的公共卫生危机,具有显著的发病率和死亡率.
- 药物治疗阿片类药物使用障碍 (MOUD) 是唯一基于证据的治疗方法.
- 通过心理社会干预来增强MOUD,例如基于智能手机应用程序的应急管理 (CM),可能会提高临床结果.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于应用程序的CM,当添加到MOUD时,与单独的MOUD相比,是否会改善治疗结果.
- 这项研究专门研究了阿片类药物使用的减少和治疗保留率的增加.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究分析了德克萨斯州阿片类药物治疗计划的数据 (2020年11月至2023年11月).
- 包括600名无保险或保险不足的成年人 (≥18岁) 在内,他们通过WEconnect应用程序接受单独的MOUD或MOUD加应用程序的CM.
- 为基于应用程序的CM参与者实现恢复目标提供了货币激励.
主要成果:
- 在治疗结束时,接受MOUD加基于应用程序的CM的患者报告了使用阿片类药物的日数显著减少 (8.4天),而不是仅使用MOUD (12.0天).
- 与只有MOUD的组 (236.1天) 相比,MOUD加基于应用程序的CM组 (290.2天) 的保留时间显著更高.
结论:
- 通过基于应用程序的CM来增强MOUD,有望改善服务不足人群的治疗结果.
- 基于应用程序的CM的更广泛实施可以减轻与阿片类药物使用相关的社会,经济和个人负担.
相关概念视频
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
223
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
223
Operant Conditioning Intervention
43
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
43
Drug Therapy
39
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
39
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
437
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
437
Analgesia and Pain Management
504
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
504
Drug Dependence
979
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
979


