全球坚持健康和可持续的饮食,并有可能减少过早死亡
Xiao Gu1, Linh P Bui1,2, Fenglei Wang1
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
概括
通过采用行星健康饮食 (PHD),可以通过提高全球饮食质量和可持续性,每年预防1500万例死亡. 这种转变显著降低了心血管和神经退行性疾病等疾病的死亡率.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 行星健康饮食 (PHD) 或EAT-Lancet饮食旨在平衡全球饮食质量与可持续粮食生产.
- 目前对PHD的坚持在全球范围内是不理想的,这表明需要改变饮食模式.
研究的目的:
- 通过行星健康饮食指数 (PHDI) 评估全球和国家对PHD的坚持.
- 估计通过在美国成年人群中采用PHD可以实现的潜在死亡率降低.
- 探索对全球健康和可持续发展目标的更广泛影响.
主要方法:
- 使用行星健康饮食指数 (PHDI) 计算了国家和全球的坚持.
- 利用来自美国三大队列 (206,404名参与者,54,536人死亡) 的数据来建模死亡影响.
- 估计与饮食转变相关的各种原因 (心血管,神经退行性) 的可预防死亡.
主要成果:
- 全球PHDI的遵守率普遍低于最佳,平均为140分之85分.
- 转向PHD可以每年预防大约1500万例死亡 (占总死亡人数的27%).
- 可预防的死亡人数包括250万死于心血管疾病和70万死于神经退行性疾病.
结论:
- 通过像PHD这样的健康,可持续的饮食,通过降低死亡率,提供了大量的直接健康益处.
- 这种饮食转型可以为实现全球卫生目标和联合国可持续发展目标做出重大贡献.
- 虽然估计是可靠的,但对于精确的死亡影响评估,需要精确区域数据.
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