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对人体外围血液的单细胞分析显示,成功衰老的个体具有高的免疫反应活性

Yu Wang¹, Yuxing Zhang², Ge Gong²

¹Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Geriatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210031, China.

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概括

健康的衰老涉及免疫系统的重塑. 百岁老人表现出丰富的CD8+效应器记忆T细胞和特定的B细胞,这表明这些是特殊寿命和持续免疫功能的关键生物标志物.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
老年学是一门学科.
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

了解衰老期间的免疫系统动态对于健康的长寿至关重要.
百岁老人的成功衰老表明有益的免疫重塑,但潜在的机制尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

在单细胞水平上研究衰老期间免疫力学的动态调节.
确定与健康衰老和异常长寿相关的分子机制和基因标志物.

主要方法:

单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 来自百岁老人,超百岁老人和老年人对照的外周血液单核细胞.
转录基因数据的综合分析与光激活细胞分类和动物实验相结合.

主要成果:

长寿组 (百岁老人/超百岁老人) 显示了CD8+效应器记忆T细胞和终端分化的B细胞的丰富.
在老年对照中,原始T细胞和调控性T细胞 (Tregs) 富含.
CD56dim NK细胞表现出激活的Fc-γ受体信号;CD14+单细胞显示出增强的抗原呈现能力,可能支持T和B细胞活性.

结论:

在百岁老人和超百岁老人中确定了自适应性免疫重塑基因标志物.
这些基因标志物可以作为健康衰老的生物标志物.
研究结果表明,持续免疫反应的机制有助于异常长寿.

关键词:

年龄化衰老衰老 CD8 (((+) T细胞是T细胞中的一个.一个百岁的百岁老人.免疫系统的免疫系统.单细胞转录组是一个单细胞转录组.

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