口腔癌查可以减少晚期诊断,治疗延迟和死亡率吗? 台湾的一项基于人口的研究
Ethan Tsai1, Brigham Walker1, Shiao-Chi Wu2,3
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
BMJ open
|December 2, 2024
概括
台湾国家口腔癌查计划有效降低了晚期诊断和死亡率. 然而,及时获得治疗的挑战仍然存在,这表明有哪些领域可以改进方案,以提高生存效益.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,口腔癌对健康构成重大负担.
- 早期检测对于改善患者的治疗结果和生存率至关重要.
- 台湾实施了一项全国性的口腔癌查计划,以解决这些问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估台湾全国口腔癌查计划的有效性.
- 评估该计划对减少晚期诊断,治疗延迟和死亡率的影响.
- 在查计划中确定及时获得治疗的潜在障碍.
主要方法:
- 使用台湾国家数据库 (癌症登记,口腔粘膜查,国家医疗保险) 进行回顾性队列研究.
- 包括2010年至2013年期间被诊断患有口腔癌的16430名患者,随访至2018年.
- 主要结局:晚期诊断 (III/IV),治疗延迟 (>30天),所有原因死亡率.
主要成果:
- 口腔癌查与晚期诊断的可能性降低显著相关 (AOR=0.85).
- 查显示了统计学上显著的关联与更高的治疗延迟的可能性 (AOR=1.09).
- 查计划与死亡风险略低相关 (AHR=0.94).
结论:
- 台湾的口腔癌查计划在减少晚期诊断和死亡率方面表现出有效性.
- 查后及时获得治疗的障碍需要进一步关注.
- 在查后优化及时诊断和治疗可以提高生存效益.
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