脑下垂体深层大脑刺激增加了脊髓损伤后的步行
Newton Cho1,2, Jordan W Squair1,2,3,4, Viviana Aureli1,2,3,4
1Defitech Center for Interventional Neurotherapies (.NeuroRestore), CHUV/UNIL/EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature medicine
|December 2, 2024
概括
研究人员确定了侧向下丘脑神经元,这些神经元有助于脊髓损伤 (SCI) 后的行走恢复. 这些神经元的深度大脑刺激 (DBS) 在动物模型和早期人类试验中改善了行走.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
- 神经康复 神经康复 神经康复
背景情况:
- 脊髓损伤 (SCI) 通过破坏大脑和脊髓之间的通信来损害行走.
- 识别大脑目标对于增强SCI后运动功能的恢复至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定调节不完整SCI后行走恢复的脑区域.
- 探索针对这些区域进行功能恢复的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 在步行恢复期间构建了一个大脑范围内的活跃的脊髓投射神经元图谱.
- 研究了侧向下丘脑 (LH) 谷氨酸性神经元 (LHVglut2) 的作用.
- 在动物模型和试点人类研究中开发并测试了LH (DBSLH) 的深度脑刺激.
主要成果:
- 在LH图谱中确定了LHVglut2神经元是步行恢复的关键.
- 增加LHVglut2神经元活动改善了SCI模型中的行走.
- 在动物和人类中,DBSLH表现出立即和持久的步行改善,以及康复.
- 人类试点研究显示,没有严重的不良事件.
结论:
- 针对特定的大脑区域,如LH,可以增强脊髓投射神经元参与神经恢复.
- DBSLH表明作为SCI诱导的行走缺陷的新疗法具有前景.
- 需要进一步的临床试验来确认安全性和有效性.
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