患有膜心脏病的患者的心血管风险因素:全国观测队列研究
Qianhong Lu1,2, Junxing Lv1,2,3,4, Zhe Li1,2
1Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
International journal of general medicine
|December 3, 2024
概括
传统的心血管风险因素增加了患有膜心脏病 (VHD) 患者的不良后果的风险,特别是额头吐. 管理这些风险因素对于改善患者预后和二次预防策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 心脏病 (VHD) 是一种重要的心血管疾病.
- 传统的心血管风险因素越来越被认为是VHD发展和进展的潜在贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 在VHD.患者中调查可修改的心血管风险因素 (吸烟,高血压,高脂血症,糖尿病) 的患病率.
- 评估这些风险因素对患者结果的影响.
- 为了确定不同风险因素负担的VHD患者的预后指标.
主要方法:
- 一项队列研究涉及11,862名中度或更严重VHD的患者.
- 主要结局:综合所有原因死亡率,心力衰竭住院治疗和心肌梗塞在两年内.
- 分析风险因素分布及其与结果的关联,按VHD类型和病因分层.
主要成果:
- 该研究包括11,862名患有VHD的患者,平均年龄为61.77岁,女性为44.4%.
- 风险因素的发病率:高血压 (45.0%),吸烟 (14.9%),糖尿病 (14.5%) 和高脂血症 (13.4%).
- 随着越来越多的风险因素独立地与患有 mitrale regurgitation (MR) 的患者两年后的较差结果有关,每次二次MR的额外风险因素增加17.3%的不良事件风险. 具有三或四个危险因素的女性的结果比男性差.
结论:
- 超过20%的VHD患者至少有两个常规心血管风险因素.
- 风险因素的数量是严重MR患者预后不佳的重要指标.
- 优化心血管风险因素的管理对于改善VHD患者的二次预防和长期结果至关重要.
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