老年人的认知虚弱和功能障碍:在日本进行了为期10年的前性队列研究
Sanmei Chen1, Tao Chen2, Takanori Honda3
1Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami Ward, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
GeroScience
|December 3, 2024
概括
认知虚弱,身体虚弱和认知障碍的结合,显著增加了老年人功能障碍的风险. 识别和准认知脆弱对于预防这一群体的残疾至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床医学 临床医学
背景情况:
- 认知虚弱是一种新兴的临床实体,与不良健康结果有关.
- 它的确切临床意义和对功能衰退的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解认知脆弱对于开发针对老龄人口的有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查认知脆弱与发展功能障碍的风险之间的关联.
- 检查身体虚弱和认知障碍对残疾风险的独立和联合影响.
- 确定认知脆弱性作为预防社区老年人的功能障碍的潜在目标.
主要方法:
- 对1597名65岁以上的日本成年人进行前性队列研究,在基线时没有痴呆症和残疾.
- 认知虚弱是由身体虚弱 (心血管健康研究标准) 和认知障碍 (MMSE <26) 定义的.
- 通过日本长期护理保险系统在10年的随访中评估功能性残疾;使用Cox比例危险模型.
主要成果:
- 在10年内,488名参与者出现了功能障碍.
- 在认知障碍和身体虚弱之间发现了显著的乘法相互作用 (p=0.045).
- 与健壮个体相比,认知虚弱表现为功能障碍的最高风险 (HR 3.70),其他虚弱/损伤组合也显示风险增加.
结论:
- 认知脆弱与社区生活的老年人功能障碍的风险增加有显著的关联.
- 这些发现凸显了认知虚弱作为预防策略的目标的临床重要性.
- 对认知虚弱的早期识别和干预可能有助于缓解功能衰退,并改善老年人群的健康结果.
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