在不同神经退行性疾病中,细胞外囊泡的分子载荷的共同和独特变化
Anna F Wiersema1, Alyssa Rennenberg1, Grace Smith1
1Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
|December 3, 2024
概括
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在神经退行性疾病中至关重要,如阿尔茨海默氏症,ALS和帕金森病. 了解他们的货物是开发这些疾病的新诊断和治疗策略的关键.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 神经退行性疾病,包括阿尔茨海默病 (AD),肌缩性侧面硬化症 (ALS) 和帕金森病 (PD),代表着一个重要的全球健康挑战,治疗选择有限.
- 了解这些疾病的潜在机制对于开发有效的干预措施至关重要.
- 细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 越来越多地被认为是它们在细胞间通信中的作用,以及它们在疾病发病过程中的参与.
研究的目的:
- 审查和讨论了解细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在阿尔茨海默病 (AD),肌缩性侧面硬化症 (ALS) 和帕金森病 (PD) 中的作用方面的最新进展.
- 在这些神经退行性疾病的背景下,强调电动汽车内不受管制的货物的重要性.
- 探索EVs作为诊断和疾病进展监测的生物标志物的潜力.
主要方法:
- 本综述综合了关于细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 的当前研究及其在AD,ALS和PD中的参与.
- 重点是分析EV的载荷,包括蛋白质和miRNA,以及它们的失调如何导致疾病.
- 该审查强调了这些疾病中共享的失调货物,并讨论了潜在的致病途径.
主要成果:
- 细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在驱动神经退行性疾病进展的细胞间通信中发挥着重要作用.
- 电动车内的失调载荷,如病态蛋白和miRNA,与AD,ALS和PD的发病有关.
- 在这些条件下,EV显示为早期诊断和监测疾病进展的潜在生物标志物.
结论:
- 细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 是主要神经退行性疾病 (如AD,ALS和PD) 的发病和进展的核心参与者.
- 识别共享和特定疾病的不规范的电动汽车货物提供了对常见和独特疾病机制的见解.
- 针对EV途径和利用EV作为生物标志物代表了神经退行性疾病未来有希望的治疗和诊断策略.
相关概念视频
Overview of Secretory Vesicles
8.4K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
8.4K
Overview of Exosomes
2.7K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
2.7K
Clathrin Coated Vesicles
6.8K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
6.8K
Lysosomal Hydrolases
3.8K
Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
3.8K
COP Coated Vesicles
7.7K
Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
7.7K
Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane
11.0K
Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
11.0K


