植物融合转录的景观:对基因组复杂性的新见解
Pragya Chitkara1, Ajeet Singh1,2, Rashmi Gangwar1
1Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
BMC plant biology
|December 3, 2024
概括
这项研究确定了植物中的众多融合转录 (FT),揭示了它们来自替代拼接和非核DNA的起源. 这些FT在植物生理学和应激反应中发挥作用.
科学领域:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- 文字转录学 (Transcriptomics) 是一个学科.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 融合转录 (FT) 是由DNA或RNA拼接产生的基因融合,有助于转录组的多样性.
- 虽然FT经常与癌症有关,但在正常生理学中越来越多地发现,并在植物应激反应和特征中发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 在关键植物物种中全面识别和描述融合转录.
- 研究植物融合转录的机制和潜在功能.
主要方法:
- 利用生物信息学工具的组合,对2795个转录组数据集进行了研究,这些数据集来自*Arabidopsis thaliana*,*Cicer arietinum*和*Oryza sativa*.
- 使用蛋白质组数据集和通过长读RNA-Seq,RT-PCR和桑格测序验证的关键FT确认了翻译活性.
- 分析了FT连接序列,表观遗传因素 (ChIP-Seq) 和3D染色体构造 (Hi-C) 以了解融合形成.
主要成果:
- 在研究的植物物种中确定了169,197个FT,其中150个被证实是翻译活性的.
- 证明FT形成是一个有组织的过程,受DNA级事件,表观遗传因素和染色质接近的影响.
- 发现非核DNA (线粒体和叶绿体) 也可以导致核聚变事件.
结论:
- 很大一部分FT可能来自替代拼接,其中许多可能作为长非编码RNA运作.
- 植物转基因源于参与重要生物过程的基因,这表明它在植物组织和压力下具有广泛的相关性.
- 这项研究提供了植物FT的宝贵资源,提供了关于它们在生理学和应激适应中的作用的见解.
相关概念视频
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
2.4K
2.4K
Transgenic Plants
7.2K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.2K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination
15.2K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
15.2K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
12.0K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
12.0K
Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.0K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.0K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K


