下肢关节的动力变量会影响在不同的落下高度下降跳跃指数
Takuya Yoshida1, Amane Zushi1, Kodayu Zushi2
1Department of Sport Science and Research, Japan Institute of Sport Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|December 4, 2024
概括
跳下跳下指数受到下肢关节功率和工作的影响. 较高的落下高度增加了部和膝盖的奇特扭矩的影响,以及脚和膝盖的正能量对性能的影响.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人类运动分析 人类运动分析
背景情况:
- 跳下跳下指数是评估下肢功率在伸缩缩短周期中的关键指标.
- 下肢关节的动力变量提供了在这个周期中对功率施加的详细评估.
- 了解这些变量对于优化运动表现和预防伤害至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在起飞过程中确定三个下肢关节的特定动力变量 (扭矩,功率,工作),这些变量会显著影响跳指数.
- 为了研究这些动力变量如何改变并影响不同的落下高度 (0.3米,0.6米,0.9米) 的落下跳跃指数.
主要方法:
- 100名男性运动员从三个不同的落地高度跳下跳跃.
- 脚,膝盖和部关节的动力变量 (扭矩,功率,工作) 使用红外摄像头和力板计算.
- 采用多重回归分析来确定动力变量与跳下跳下指数之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在0.3米的跌落高度下,脚和膝关节的正能量是跌落跳跃指数的重要预测因素.
- 在0.6米,脚负功率,脚负功率和部偏心扭矩也成为了重要的因素.
- 在0.9米时,膝盖偏心扭矩成为影响跳指数的额外重要参数.
结论:
- 特定动力变量对跳指数的贡献随着落下高度而变化.
- 更高的落下高度需要更大的偏心扭矩在部和膝关节,以及在脚和膝盖的正能量,以获得最佳的落下跳跃指数.
- 这些发现为提高下肢力量和基于跳跃活动的表现的训练策略提供了洞察力.
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