影响结局的重症成人饮食主导干预:一个范围审查
Ella Terblanche1, Judith Merriweather2,3, Mina Bharal4
1The British Dietetic Association, Birmingham, UK.
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
|December 4, 2024
概括
在重症监护室 (ICU) 的营养学家主导的干预措施改善了营养供应和患者的结果. 需要进一步的研究,以充分量化营养师在重症监护机构的有效性.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 营养学 营养学 营养学
背景情况:
- 营养不良是重症患者的重大风险,使营养管理复杂化.
- 在重症监护室 (ICU) 中,注册营养师对于应对这些营养挑战至关重要.
- 本综述综合了营养学家主导的干预措施及其对重症监护患者结果的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在成人重症监护机构审查和分析营养学家主导的干预措施.
- 评估这些干预措施对患者临床和营养相关结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 对六个主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,EBSCO,Web of Science,ProQuest) 进行了全面的范围审查.
- 包括1995年1月至2023年7月期间发表的研究,重点关注成人ICU的饮食师主导干预.
- 数据提取遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法,捕捉研究设计,人口特征和干预细节.
主要成果:
- 在751项确定的研究中,有39项符合纳入标准,主要是有有限干预试验的观察性研究.
- 营养学家的关键干预包括指导方针的实施,个性化营养治疗和肠道营养管的插入.
- 评估的结果包括临床结果 (ICU停留,通风,感染,死亡率) 和营养指标 (分娩,耐受性,转诊适当性).
结论:
- 营养学家主导的干预措施证明对营养结果和危急病患者的临床结果产生积极影响.
- 未来的研究应该专注于营养状况和身体功能等核心结果,以更好地确定ICU中的饮食疗效.
- 加强报告将支持认可营养学家作为多学科重症监护团队的重要成员.
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