在新热带蝙蝠的殖民地层面,连续多年和季节进行长途食飞行
María C Calderón-Capote1,2,3, Mariëlle L van Toor4, M Teague O'Mara1,3,5,6
1Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Am Obstberg 1, Radolfzell 78315, Germany.
Biology letters
|December 4, 2024
概括
较大的长矛鼻蝙蝠 (Phyllostomus hastatus) 优先考虑远距离,社会学习的食地点,而不是附近的食物,这表明文化传播影响了社会动物的食策略.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 动物社会行为 动物社会行为
背景情况:
- 食动物平衡资源开发和勘探.
- 在这种平衡中,群体生活的中心场所采集者面临着独特的挑战.
- 社会信息可以影响个人的勘探决策.
研究的目的:
- 检查在群体生活的捕食者中探索和利用之间的权衡.
- 为了研究更大的矛鼻蝙蝠 (Phyllostomus hastatus) 的食策略.
- 了解社会学习和文化传播在蝙蝠食中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自三个殖民地的大型矛鼻蝙蝠群体的GPS跟踪.
- 在干旱和潮湿季节的纵向数据收集.
- 食区选择和移动模式的分析.
主要成果:
- 蝙蝠经常长途通勤到偏远的,特定于殖民地的食区.
- 这些区域全年使用,即使有更紧密的资源可用.
- 食区在殖民地内共享,这表明社会学习和文化传播.
结论:
- 较大的长矛鼻蝙蝠投资于社会学习的,遥远的食地点,绕过更近的选择.
- 采食策略似乎是殖民地内部文化传播的.
- 社会动物可能因学习的行为而偏离最佳的食.
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