化基因在衰老和与年龄相关的疾病中的作用
Jitendra Kumar Chaudhary1, Ajay Kumar Danga2, Anita Kumari2
1Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; Department of Zoology, Shivaji College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110027, India.
Mechanisms of ageing and development
|December 4, 2024
概括
化学物质对免疫细胞运动至关重要,显著影响衰老和相关疾病. 向化基因通路提供了减缓衰老和预防与年龄有关的疾病的潜在疗法.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 化学因子 (化学动性细胞因子) 调节重要生理过程,包括免疫细胞的贩运,炎症和衰老.
- 它们与G蛋白结合受体 (GPCRs) 的相互作用启动了影响健康和疾病的信号级联.
- 化学因子通过诸如炎症和免疫细胞招募等机制,与年龄相关的疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查化基因及其信号通路在衰老和与年龄有关的疾病中的作用.
- 探索针对化基因系统的治疗策略,以促进健康的衰老和疾病预防.
主要方法:
- 关于与衰老相关的化学激素研究近期进展的文献综述.
- 分析化基因分类 (CC,CXC,CX3C, (X) C) 和它们的功能.
- 检查治疗方法,包括抗化基因和受体对抗剂.
主要成果:
- 化基因在多个器官系统中显著影响衰老,主要是通过炎症反应和免疫细胞动态.
- 了解化基因机制对于调节衰老过程和预防与年龄相关的疾病至关重要.
- 使用化基因受体对抗剂和抗化基因的治疗策略在减少炎症和促进健康衰老方面表现有前途.
结论:
- 化基因是衰老和与年龄相关的疾病的关键调节者.
- 向化基因通路为旨在延长寿命和改善健康寿命的干预提供了一个有希望的治疗途径.
- 目前正在进行的临床试验正在研究抗化学和化学受体对手疗法,以促进健康的衰老.
相关概念视频
Aging
37
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
37
Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration
3.3K
Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
3.3K
Mitochondria
10.9K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
10.9K
The Effect of Aging on Tissues
2.1K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
2.1K
Bone Disorders
3.4K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
3.4K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
11.5K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
11.5K


