组织力学调节形态原信号,以诱导头组织者
Matyas Bubna-Litic1, Guillaume Charras2, Roberto Mayor3
1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Cells & development
|December 4, 2024
概括
在胃化过程中的机械刺激通过通过β-catenin信号调节Activin-依赖性介质体诱导来增强头组织者形成. 这一发现对理解脊椎动物发育和合成有机体系统有意义.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 细胞力学 细胞力学
- 分子信号传输的方法
背景情况:
- 胃流动通过形态遗传运动和生殖层规范建立了脊椎动物的身体规划.
- 机械线索和生化信号在胃化过程中的命运规范中的相互作用尚未得到充分理解.
- 激素/节点/Smad2信号通路对于中皮层的诱导和轴向模式的形成至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究机械刺激和Activin信号传递在中皮层诱导和命运规范中的相互作用.
- 了解机械线索如何影响主组织者的形成.
- 探索β-catenin信号传递在介导机械刺激效应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用了从Xenopus laevis动物帽外皮中诱导的Activin引发的Explants的ex vivo系统.
- 在诱导期内对爆炸物施加单轴压缩.
- 分析了中皮和头部组织者标记物的基因表达.
- 评估了核β-catenin活动及其通过机械刺激的调制.
主要成果:
- 机械刺激Activin诱导的拓展剂增加了背部半皮体标记物 (chordin,goosecoid) 和头部半皮体标记物 (cerberus 1) 的表达.
- 压缩导致了组织延长的丧失和核β-catenin活动的增加.
- 激活β-catenin信号足以诱导头组织者基因表达,其抑制拯救了Wnt信号基因 (毛) 的压缩效应.
结论:
- 机械刺激调节了Activin依赖的中皮诱导,有利于头组织者形成.
- 机械线索通过β-catenin依赖的途径影响轴向规范.
- 机械依赖的组织者诱导可以在脊椎动物物种中保存并适用于合成有机体的开发.
相关概念视频
Gastrulation
56.6K
Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
56.6K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
4.7K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.7K
Morphogenesis
26.4K
Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
26.4K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
2.6K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
2.6K
Cadherins in Tissue Organization
2.9K
The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
2.9K


