大脑的反应性和社会反的脆弱性在青春期早期的急性压力之后
Zeynep Celen1,2, Ryan J Murray1, Mariana Magnus Smith3
1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Brain and behavior
|December 4, 2024
概括
压力后青少年大脑对社会反的反应显示,积极的反通常会增加活动,而负面的反对抑郁症状的人有独特的影响,有助于风险检测.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 青春期早期的特点是心理社会压力和反应性增加,增加对精神障碍的脆弱性.
- 了解青少年对压力的大脑反应对于识别和保护处于危险状态的人来说至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 来研究青少年急性社会压力反应性.
- 为了检查与反价值和抑郁症状相关的急性压力因素后,对社会反的脑反应.
主要方法:
- fMRI用于研究61名非临床青少年 (年龄13-15岁) 的抑郁症分数.
- 参与者完成了一个修改的蒙特利尔成像压力任务 (MIST),涉及急性压力 (数学) 和随后的社会反 (积极/消极).
- 社交反期间的大脑活动与急性压力和非压力控制条件相比较.
主要成果:
- 心理社会压力诱导了状回形和胰岛的差异激活,以及腹状条形体的失活.
- 与急性压力相比,社会反激活了中间前额叶皮质和后带带皮质.
- 积极的反增强了额头极和中额头的活性;负面的反主要影响了患有抑郁症状的青少年,增加了后带带皮层的激活.
结论:
- 压力后的社会反激活了青少年大脑中的自我参考处理区域.
- 积极的反通常会促进神经活动,而负面的反会特别影响那些有脆弱情绪特征的人.
- 研究结果突出了社会反对青少年大脑的差异性影响,特别是在情绪脆弱性方面.
相关概念视频
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
38
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
38
01:27Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle
79
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
79
01:20Psychological Responses to Stress
43
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
43
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
01:24Physiological Foundation of Stress
44
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
44
01:30Stress and Mental Health
77
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
77