50%的体重负荷减少了身高的增加和腰椎扩张,从4小时的超浮力漂浮相比,坐直立15分钟
David Marcos-Lorenzo1, Christina Lysandrou2, Laura Sudres3
1School of Medicine of Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Experimental physiology
|December 5, 2024
概括
太空飞行导致身高增加和背部疼痛. 短暂的轴承负载或坐着可以通过调节椎间盘变化来减少这些影响. 这为减轻空间适应不适提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 空间生理学空间生理学
- 肌肉骨适应 肌肉骨适应
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 微重力暴露会导致脊柱延长,背部疼痛,并增加椎间盘的风险.
- 了解这些变化背后的生理机制对于长期航天任务期间的宇航员健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较短时间轴承负荷 (30秒,体重50%) 与长时间垂直坐 (15分钟) 的有效性,以减轻微重力引起的变化.
- 评估这些干预措施对身高,腰椎间盘高度,脊椎硬和背部疼痛的影响.
主要方法:
- 16名健康的志愿者接受了4小时的超浮力漂浮 (HBF),以模拟卸载.
- 测量包括身高,腰椎间盘高度 (L2-S1通过超声波),被动脊椎硬度 (C1-L5),背部疼痛.
- 然后,参与者接受了30秒的坐在50%的体重轴承负荷或15分钟的垂直坐姿.
主要成果:
- 四小时的HBF显著增加了身高,腰椎间盘高度和背部疼痛.
- 两次重新加载干预都类似地减弱了身高的增加,椎间盘高度的变化和背痛.
- 在整个实验中,被动脊椎度保持不变.
- HBF诱导的背痛与身高和腰椎间盘高度变化有积极的相关性.
结论:
- 过度浮力卸载会导致身高变化,椎间盘几何形状和背部疼痛,模仿微重力的一些影响.
- 短暂的轴负荷和长时间的坐着都能改善这些变化,这表明椎间盘调节是关键.
- 这些发现为管理与空间适应相关的肌肉骨问题提供了潜在的战略.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:11Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies
1.3K
In fluid mechanics, buoyancy and stability are key concepts for understanding the behavior of submerged and floating bodies. When a stationary body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts a force on the body known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically upward through a point called the center of buoyancy, which is the center of the displaced fluid volume. According to Archimedes' principle, the magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid...
1.3K
00:59Buoyancy
9.4K
When an object is placed in a fluid, it either floats or sinks. All objects in a fluid experience a buoyant force. For example, a metal ball sinks, while a rubber ball floats. Similarly, a submarine can sink and float by adjusting its buoyancy. The concept of buoyancy raises several interesting questions. For instance, where does this buoyant force come from? How much buoyant force is required to make an object sink or float? Do objects that sink get any support at all from the...
9.4K
01:11Design Example: Application of Archimedes' Principle
132
Archimedes' principle is fundamental in analyzing the buoyant force and stability of floating bodies. In this example, a wooden block with a rectangular section floats in seawater. Based on the block's dimensions, its specific gravity and the specific weight of seawater are used to find the volume of water displaced and the center of buoyancy.
The volume of seawater displaced by the block is determined by first calculating the block's weight. This is done by multiplying the...
The volume of seawater displaced by the block is determined by first calculating the block's weight. This is done by multiplying the...
132
01:05Density and Archimedes' Principle
6.5K
When a lump of clay is dropped into water, it sinks. But if the same lump of clay is molded into the shape of a boat, it starts to float. Because of its shape, the clay boat displaces more water than the lump and experiences a greater buoyant force, even though its mass is the same. The same holds true for steel ships. The average density of an object majorly determines if the object will float. If an object's average density is less than that of the surrounding fluid, it will float. The...
6.5K