使用卫星图像分析和预测土地表面温度随着城市化的增加
Rubeena Vohra1, Ashish Kumar2, Rachna Jain3
1Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engineering, New Delhi, India.
Heliyon
|December 5, 2024
概括
城市化通过将绿地转化为建筑区,显著增加了土地表面温度 (LST). 这项在印度埃尔纳库勒姆地区的研究量化了土地覆盖面变化对LST的影响,揭示了由于无计划的城市增长而导致的大幅度温度上升.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
- 城市气候学 城市气候学
背景情况:
- 无计划的城市化导致土地覆盖面的变化,将绿地转化为不透气的结构.
- 这些变化显著影响陆地表面温度 (LST),导致城市热岛 (UHI) 效应.
- 印度喀拉拉邦观察到降雨趋势下降,加剧气温上升.
研究的目的:
- 从2005年到2020年,分析埃尔纳库勒姆区的土地利用和土地覆盖面 (LULC) 的时间变化.
- 量化城市热场变量指数 (UTFVI) 并评估城市热岛效应 (UHI).
- 评估LULC变化对LST的影响,并预测未来的温度趋势.
主要方法:
- 收集了2005年,2010年,2015年和2020年的Landsat数据,以绘制LULC模式.
- 解释LULC地图以分类植被和建筑区域.
- 分析了LST的时空变化,计算了UTFVI,并使用NDVI和NDBI的回归模型来评估温度趋势.
主要成果:
- 植被面积从47.91%下降到29.04%,而建筑面积在2005年至2020年间从6.50%增加到15.27%.
- 在研究期间,LST在植被土地上增加了2.55°C,在建筑土地上增加了4.82°C.
- 总体而言,从2005年到2020年,LST显示温度上升3.45°C,预计到2025年温度上升0.5°C,到2030年温度上升1.0°C.
结论:
- 由于城市化而造成的非计划性土地覆盖变化直接与LST的显著增加有关.
- 该研究强调了土地覆盖管理在减轻城市热岛效应方面发挥的关键作用.
- 持续的城市化趋势预测土地表面温度将进一步上升,需要可持续的城市规划.
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