慢性病的区域热点:ISN-GKHA的一项跨国研究
Pablo Garcia1, Anna K Strasma2,3, Eranga Wijewickrama4,5,6
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|December 5, 2024
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 热点已在46个国家确定,不成比例地影响年轻人和农村人口. 临床,文化和环境因素有助于这些高风险的功能衰竭集群.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 呈现出显著的地理差异,已知热点在中美洲和南亚.
- 了解CKD的分布和促成因素对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地确定在全球范围内患有CKD高患病率的次国家地理或人口群.
- 调查与这些CKD热点相关的主要促成因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了第三次国际脏学会全球脏健康地图 (ISN-GKHA) 调查 (2022年7月至9月) 的数据.
- 调查问题侧重于区域性CKD热点的存在及其潜在的贡献者.
- 定义的CKD热点是功能衰竭或功能衰竭死亡风险高的人口群.
主要成果:
- 在162个受访国家中,有46个报告了国家以下的CKD热点.
- 拉丁美洲报告热点的国家比例最高 (57%),其次是北/东亚和西欧.
- 18-44岁的成年人和农村人口受到影响最大;高血压和糖尿病是关键的临床贡献者,以及文化和环境因素.
结论:
- 全球范围内存在不成比例高的CKD负担的次国家区域,通常影响年轻人.
- 临床,文化和环境因素与CKD热点有关,观察到区域差异.
- 进一步的流行病学研究是必不可少的,以了解CKD热点的病因病变和开发定制干预措施.
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