在自闭症和非自闭症兄弟姐妹的幼儿中,早期的语言前沟通和以后的表达语言之间的联系
Jennifer E Markfeld1,2, Zoë Kiemel1,3, Pooja Santapuram4,5
1Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|December 5, 2024
概括
早期的故意沟通技能预测自闭症兄弟姐妹的幼儿的表达语言. 这些发现支持早期干预措施,以改善高风险儿童的语言成果.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 有自闭症兄弟姐妹 (Sibs-自闭症) 的幼儿很可能患有自闭症和语言障碍.
- 早期的沟通技巧对于语言发展至关重要.
- 了解高风险人群中语言的预测因素对于早期干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期的语言前沟通技能是否能预测自闭症高风险的幼儿的表达性语言.
- 为了比较自闭症兄弟姐妹 (Sibs-自闭症) 的幼儿与非自闭症兄弟姐妹 (Sibs-NA) 的幼儿的预测关系.
主要方法:
- 51名幼儿 (12-18个月) 在两个时间点进行评估,间隔9个月.
- 语言前技能 (故意沟通,发音复杂性,响应共同的注意力) 使用沟通和象征性行为量表 (Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales) 进行测量.
- 在第二个时间点评估表达性语言,并进行相关性和回归分析.
主要成果:
- 蓄意的沟通和发音复杂性与表达性语言在两个兄弟组之间显著相关.
- 当有意的沟通被控制时,发声复杂性和响应联合注意力并没有增加显著的预测价值.
- 兄弟姐妹组调节了这种关联;在控制故意沟通时,语音复杂性在有非自闭症兄弟姐妹 (Sibs-NA) 的幼儿中独特地预测了表达语言.
结论:
- 早期的故意沟通技能是自闭症儿童兄弟姐妹以后表达性语言的有希望的预测因素.
- 这些发现支持了针对语言前技能的早期干预的潜力,特别是有意的沟通,以增强高风险的幼儿的语言学习.
- 这项研究强调了早期沟通评估和干预对于优化自闭症和语言障碍的可能性很高的幼儿语言结果的重要性.
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
61
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
61
Language Development
317
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
317
Language and Cognition
323
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
323
Modeling in Therapy
48
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
48
Language
193
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
193
Gene-Environment Interactions
250
Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
250


