退休奥林匹克运动员的身体形象体验:失去体现的自我
Anthony Papathomas1, Trent Petrie2, Karin Moesch3
1School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK.
Psychology of sport and exercise
|December 5, 2024
概括
精英运动员在退休后也经常与身体形象作斗争,将身体的变化视为自我损失. 寻找新的身份和接受身体变化是退休运动员的关键应对策略.
科学领域:
- 运动心理学 运动心理学
- 体育社会学运动的社会学.
- 退休研究 退休研究
背景情况:
- 运动员身体不满是常见的,影响心理健康,导致饮食失调.
- 关于运动后身体形象的研究主要使用对次精英运动员的调查.
- 精英运动员从体育运动中转出体育运动的经历仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 探索精英运动员在退休期间赋予自己的身体的意义.
- 了解精英体育运动的身体意识文化对退休运动员的长期影响.
- 识别挑战和有效应对机制的身体变化后运动职业生涯.
主要方法:
- 招募了31名退休的精英运动员,其中包括23名前奥运会选手.
- 进行半结构化采访,生成超过25小时的转录数据.
- 采用反射的主题分析来识别运动员体验中的关键主题.
主要成果:
- 确定了四个主要主题:意识到身体文化的遗产,为"正常"而斗争,失去身体作为失去自我,以及走向新的意义和身份.
- 精英运动员的身份被深深地体现,使运动后的身体变化感觉像是失去自我.
- 运动员面临着正常饮食/运动和缺乏支持的挑战,但发现接受和新的身份是有效的应对策略.
结论:
- 精英体育的身体监视文化对运动员的退休后生活产生了重大影响.
- 退休的精英运动员经历了深刻的挑战,适应身体的变化,通常与身份有关.
- 制定有针对性的支持策略和政策对于促进适应退休后身体变化至关重要.
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