地球观测技术与人权高专办指标的调整,以加强侵犯人权的调查和裁决
Seonaid Rapach1, Annalisa Riccardi1, Rhonda Wheate2
1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, Scotland, UK.
Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society
|December 5, 2024
概括
地球观测 (EO) 数据,包括卫星图像,为人权调查提供了关键证据. 本研究对EO有效载荷及其应用进行了分类,以支持联合国人权事务高级专员办事处 (OHCHR) 的指标.
科学领域:
- 地理空间科学 地理空间科学
- 国际人权法 国际人权法 人权法
- 遥感技术 遥感技术 遥感技术
背景情况:
- 人权调查需要强有力的数据来证实所谓事件.
- 卫星图像为这些调查提供了多样化和关键的证据来源.
- 联合国人权事务高级专员办公室 (人权高专办) 提供了人权监测指标.
研究的目的:
- 描述地球观测 (EO) 图像如何被定制以满足人权高专办指标要求.
- 方便利益相关者利用EO的适用技术应用优化他们的研究.
- 为了对EO有效载荷及其在人权调查中的应用进行分类.
主要方法:
- 将EO技术分为六个主要有效载荷的分类:多光谱可见,多光谱红外,被动微波,超光谱,合成光圈雷达和气象数据集.
- 根据多功能性,将每个有效载荷的应用分为"完全"和"部分"类别.
- 基于OHCHR分类的EO数据和未来机会的法庭案件当前趋势的分析.
主要成果:
- EO数据正在成为有关侵犯人权的法律诉讼中重要的数字证据.
- 该研究提供了对各种EO有效载荷及其在人权环境中的适用性的结构化概述.
- 确定了不同EO应用的多功能性变化.
结论:
- 调查人员应充分考虑用于人权调查的可用EO技术的范围.
- 了解在法律程序中对EO数据的相关性和可接受性的挑战至关重要.
- 电子视觉技术为提高人权主张的可靠性和证据提供了巨大的潜力.
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