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相关概念视频

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

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Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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对移动应用程序的评估,以减少剖腹产患者的阿片类药物滥用:一项随机对照试验.

Annabelle Abdo1, Mariel O'Connor2, Jessica Kelley Morgan3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. annabelle.abdo@gmail.com.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

一个移动应用程序显著减少了剖腹产后妇女的阿片类药物滥用. CPMRx应用程序降低了92%的滥用率,突出显示了技术在打击阿片类药物流行中的作用.

关键词:
剖腹产是剖腹产的一部分.产科 产科 产科 产科 产科滥用阿片类药物的滥用处方药物 处方药物 处方药物主要预防主要预防.使用物质使用物质.

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科学领域:

  • 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
  • 公共卫生 公共卫生
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

  • 在美国,阿片类药物的滥用和成是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
  • 手术后的阿片类药物处方做法,特别是在剖腹产后,往往不一致和过度.
  • 技术干预,如移动应用程序,在减轻阿片类药物使用和滥用方面表现有前途.

研究的目的:

  • 评估持续精准医学 (CPM) 移动应用程序对在接受剖腹产的妇女中减少阿片类止痛药的初步影响.
  • 评估吗啡毫克等效 (MME) 的初级结果和二次结果,包括剂量延迟,使用减少和疼痛评分.

主要方法:

  • 接受剖腹产的患者被随机分配到使用CPMRx移动应用程序的对照组或实验组.
  • 逻辑回归和逻辑双项回归分析被用来预测和估计阿片类药物滥用的几率和相对风险.
  • 该研究包括两个阶段,评估剖腹产患者的资格和参与.

主要成果:

  • 与对照组相比,CPMRx组的阿片类药物滥用几率显著降低了92% (OR=0.08,p=0.03).
  • 与使用CPMRx应用程序 (RR=7.00,p=0.05) 的患者相比,对照组的患者面临的阿片类药物滥用风险是使用CPMRx应用程序的7倍.
  • 在第一阶段的非滥用参与者中,平均阿片类药丸使用量为2.7,其中50%使用1个或更少的药丸.

结论:

  • 在剖腹产后的术后期,CPMRx移动应用程序与阿片类药物滥用的可能性较低有关.
  • 对于这种患者小组,标准化7片5毫克氧的处方可能更适合.
  • 系统地调整处方量,包括针对特定的患者群体,可以减少阿片类药物滥用风险和公共卫生负担.