这仍然是自闭症吗? 自闭症谱的日益扩大
Marco O Bertelli1, Veronica Boniotti1, Katrina Scior2
1CREA (Research and Clinical Center), Fondazione San Sebastiano, Florence, Italy.
概括
广泛的自闭症表型 (BAP) 概念可能会过度扩展自闭症谱. 非特异性自闭症特征 (AT) 和下值自闭症谱系障碍 (sASD) 可能更好地通过其他精神疾病或人格特征来解释.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 越来越多的报告表明,在精神病患者群体中,自闭症谱系障碍 (sASD) 或自闭症特征 (AT) 的高患病率.
- 广泛的自闭症表型 (BAP) 的临床意义越来越受到争议.
- 人们对过度扩展自闭症谱的潜在负面后果存在担忧.
研究的目的:
- 质疑自闭症谱的日益扩展,包括子值介绍.
- 探索目前归因于sASD和AT的现象的替代解释.
- 突出诊断值和精神病学症状特异性的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对当前的诊断实践和文献进行批判性审查.
- 在精神病诊断中分析症状特异性与敏感性.
- 探索对自闭症特征的替代解释,例如人格特征 (例如,大5模型).
主要成果:
- 单个自闭症症状维度缺乏综合征特异性,并且在各种精神障碍中观察到.
- 自闭症特征 (AT) 和下值自闭症谱系障碍 (sASD) 可能会被误解,特别是使用非特定的查工具.
- 人格特征,如大5模型中的特征,为一些自闭症特征提供了替代解释.
结论:
- 目前自闭症谱的扩展,特别是关于广泛的自闭症表型 (BAP),需要进行批判性的重新评估.
- 过度依赖非特异性自闭症特征 (AT) 可以导致错误诊断和资源的错误分配.
- 强调诊断值和综合征特异性对于准确的精神病学评估至关重要.
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