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聚合偏差和社会经济梯度在等待时间的医院入院

Fredrik Carlsen¹, Tor Helge Holmås², Oddvar Kaarboe³

¹Department of Economics, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.

Health economics

|December 6, 2024

概括

社会经济地位的综合指标高估了医疗等待时间的差异. 个人层面的数据显示,医疗保健获得的社会经济梯度较为温和,突出了公共卫生研究中的潜在偏见.

科学领域:

医疗保健服务研究医疗服务研究
公共卫生政策公共卫生政策
健康的社会经济决定因素

背景情况:

在公共资助的医疗保健系统中,等待时间旨在根据需要提供公平的接入.
现有研究表明,社会经济地位 (SES) 影响医疗等待时间,通常使用聚合的住宅数据.
聚合的SES措施可能会引入聚合偏差,可能会扭曲关于医疗保健获取差异的调查结果.

研究的目的:

量化聚合偏差在测量医疗等待时间的社会经济梯度.
为了比较等待时间的社会经济梯度,使用个人级别与聚合级别的SES数据.
评估不同数据聚合水平 (个人,人口细胞,市政) 对估计基于SES的等待时间差异的影响.

主要方法:

对医疗等待时间的社会经济梯度分析,涉及三个数据聚合水平:个人,人口细胞和市政.
衡量社会经济地位,使用各级教育和收入数据.
在不同聚合级别观察到的社会经济梯度的大小和准确性的比较.

主要成果:

当SES在个人层面上测量时,等待时间的社会经济梯度是温和的.
总体水平的SES测量 (人口细胞和市政) 显示出与等待时间的更强烈关联.
综合数据导致估计不太准确,并有可能夸大医疗保健获取的社会经济梯度的大小.

结论:

在总体水平上衡量社会经济地位可以显著膨胀医疗等待时间的感知差异.
个人层面的数据提供了更准确的社会经济地位和医疗保健获取之间的关系的表示.
研究人员在使用公开数据分析健康的社会经济决定因素时,必须小心聚合偏见.

关键词:

聚合偏差是一种聚合偏差.社会经济梯度的梯度.等待时间等待时间

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