药物过度使用头痛中的神经行为特征
Franz Riederer1,2, Roberto Pirrotta3, Chantal Martin Soelch4
1Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
eNeurologicalSci
|December 6, 2024
概括
药物过度使用头痛 (MOH) 与冲动性和alexithymia增加有关,这表明神经行为基础. 尽管冲动控制受损,但这项研究中没有发现与大脑结构的相关性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 药物过度使用头痛 (MOH) 与依赖行为和轨道前皮层功能受损有关.
- 亚历克西西米亚,以难以识别情绪为特征,也与理解MOH相关.
- 这项研究旨在探索MOH患者的冲动性和alexithymia以及它们与大脑结构的相关性.
研究的目的:
- 调查药物过量使用头痛 (MOH) 患者的冲动性和alexithymia.
- 检查MOH患者的冲动性,alexithymia和大脑灰质之间的相关性.
- 评估MOH队列中物质依赖的特征.
主要方法:
- 使用临床尺度 (BIS-11用于冲动性,TAS-20用于alexithymia) 和DSM-IV标准用于依赖性查.
- 对30名MOH患者和47名健康对照进行了高分辨率T1加权MRI扫描.
- 使用SPM和CAT12工具箱分析了冲动性,alexithymia和大脑灰质之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 与健康对照组相比,MOH患者的冲动性和alexithymia得分显著更高.
- 90%的MOH患者符合DSM-IV的物质依赖标准.
- 在健康对照的左中轨道环中观察到冲动性和灰质之间的正相关性,但在MOH患者中没有. 没有发现alexithymia和灰质之间的相关性.
结论:
- 这项研究表明MOH的神经行为基础,包括冲动控制障碍,自我认知缺陷和物质依赖特征.
- 虽然MOH组中注意到轨道前皮层体积的减少,但与冲动性或alexithymia无关.
- 这些发现突出了药物过量使用头痛中行为和神经因素的复杂相互作用.
相关概念视频
01:24Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
159
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
159
01:15Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
437
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
437
01:17Drug Dependence
979
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
979
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
40
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
40
01:20Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis
1.5K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
1.5K
01:17Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents
146
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
146