工作能力和心理社会工作压力 - - 年长教师退休意向的预测因素
Steffi Kreuzfeld1, Reingard Seibt1
1University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany (Institute for Preventive Medicine, Rostock University Medical Centre).
识别面临提前退休风险的教师至关重要. 较低的工作能力,较高的工作压力 (努力回报比率) 和过度承诺预测老年教师的提前退休意图.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 由于健康或个人原因而提前退休是教师的全球关注.
- 识别有风险的个体是制定有针对性的干预措施的关键.
- 这项研究重点关注经验丰富的教师中提前退休意向的预测因素.
研究的目的:
- 研究工作能力,心理社会工作压力和工作行为对教师提前退休的意图的预测力.
- 找出特定的因素,表明提前退休的可能性更高.
- 收集教师主导的建议,建议采取措施,使正常退休成为可能.
主要方法:
- 对50岁以上的1496名德国中学教师进行了一项代表性的横截面研究.
- 双项回归分析检查了预测因素:工作能力指数 (WAI) 因素1,努力-奖励 (ER) 比率,过度承诺 (OC),年龄和性别.
- 对促进正规退休的教师建议进行了定性分析.
主要成果:
- 近一半 (49%) 的教师打算提前退休,女性比男性更有可能退休.
- 工作能力指数因素1是最强的预测因素 (14%的差异),其次是ER比率和OC (约. 每一个10%).
- 工作能力下降,ER比率增加和高OC显著增加了提前退休的可能性.
结论:
- 工作能力指数因子1,ER比率和OC是识别有早期退休风险的教师的有价值指标.
- 这些因素可以为职业健康预防计划提供信息,以支持老年教师.
- 教师建议减少工作量,课外任务和班级规模,以便定期退休.
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