中国儿童食物过敏的原因
Agnes Sze-Yin Leung1,2, Shao Jie3, Yanjun Gu1
1Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
概括
食物过敏的发病率在中国正在上升,区域差异和常见的过敏原因年龄和地点而异. 由于诊断缺口和有限的紧急治疗机会,管理面临挑战.
科学领域:
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在中国,食物过敏的患病率正在增加.
- 有限的研究描述了食物过敏的国家模式.
- 地理和环境因素影响食物过敏的分布.
研究的目的:
- 审查中国各地食物过敏患病率的区域差异.
- 根据年龄组和地理区域确定常见的食物过敏原.
- 为突出中国食品过敏管理的挑战.
主要方法:
- 关于中国食物过敏研究的文献综述.
- 对区域流行数据的分析.
- 识别常见的过敏原和管理挑战.
主要成果:
- 与内陆地区相比,东部和南部沿海地区的流行率更高.
- 常见的儿童过敏包括蛋和牛奶;贝类,小麦和水果过敏显示区域差异.
- 新兴的花生和树木坚果过敏症在大城市中被发现,但与西方国家相比,患病率较低.
- 存在重大管理缺陷,包括缺乏标准化诊断,有限的口服食品挑战和训练有素的过敏学家的短缺.
- 上腺素自注射器的有限可用性和可负担性对过敏反应的管理构成了关键挑战.
结论:
- 中国的食物过敏景观复杂,受到地理和环境的影响.
- 解决诊断,劳动力和紧急护理方面的系统性缺陷对于改善结果至关重要.
- 政策制定者,医疗保健系统和制药公司需要共同努力,以加强对食物过敏的管理.
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