针对卫生系统改革的应用政治分析
Michael R Reich1, Paola Abril Campos Rivera2
1Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
应用政治分析有助于应对卫生政策的挑战. 这种方法有助于政策制定者设计,采用和实施健康改革,以取得成功的结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策分析 卫生政策分析
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
背景情况:
- 有效的卫生政策需要理解和管理其政治背景.
- 导航政治景观对于成功的政策设计,采用和实施至关重要.
- 应用政治分析提供了一个框架,以提高卫生改革的政治可行性.
研究的目的:
- 提出应用政治分析作为一种改善卫生政策和改革的政治可行性的方法.
- 引导政策制定者和公共卫生专业人员在整个政策周期中利用政治分析.
- 为进行应用政治分析提供一个实际的框架.
主要方法:
- 描述应用政治分析在政策周期的六个阶段的作用:问题定义,诊断,政策制定,政治决策,实施和评估.
- 概述了进行应用政治分析的四步过程:同意目标/方法,利益相关者分析,战略设计和影响评估.
- 用具体的例子说明每个步骤.
主要成果:
- 应用政治分析可以整合到卫生政策周期的所有阶段.
- 涉及利益相关者分析和战略规划的结构化方法提高了政治可行性.
- 定期重复分析和跟踪利益相关者/战略,增加了成功制定和实施政策的可能性.
结论:
- 应用政治分析对于管理卫生政策变化的政治动态至关重要.
- 这种方法增加了拟议的政策变化将被采纳和实现预期结果的概率.
- 持续的政治分析和适应是成功实施卫生改革的关键.
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