自闭症谱系障碍和神经性厌食症:研究行为和神经认知重叠
M Kirkovski1, G Papavasiliou2, B E Speranza3
1School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Psychiatry research
|December 6, 2024
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (自闭症) 和神经性厌食症 (AN) 分享神经认知特征,如社交困难和重复行为. 了解这些重叠可以改善早期检测和干预这两种情况.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一种精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (自闭症) 和神经性厌食症 (AN) 呈现重叠的临床症状.
- 与自闭症相关的关键神经认知特征,如精神化 (社会认知) 和设置转移 (行为灵活性) 的困难,与AN相关地进行了探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症,AN,并伴随自闭症和AN的成年人中精神化和设置转移的神经认知相关性.
- 为了比较这些神经认知功能跨临床组和健康对照.
主要方法:
- 327名成年参与者的样本 (自闭症,AN,自闭症+AN和对照组) 完成了在线自我报告问卷和基于绩效的任务.
- 这些措施包括自闭症谱系系数,饮食障碍检查问卷,反射功能问卷,重复行为问卷2,威斯康星州卡片排序任务 (WCST) 和宾夕法尼亚州情感识别测试 (ER-40).
主要成果:
- 临床组报告了比对照组更大的思维困难和更重复的行为.
- 与对照组相比,临床组的精神化任务表现较差,临床组之间没有显著差异.
- 饮食障碍精神病学预测了WCST上的错误,而自闭症特征与情绪识别准确性相关.
结论:
- 自闭症和AN的临床特征可能具有共同的特定神经认知基础.
- 了解这些重叠的机制对于开发针对性早期发现和干预策略对于患有自闭症和/或AN的人来说至关重要.
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