在美国,公众对科学的信任迅速分歧
Manjana Milkoreit1, E Keith Smith2
1University of Oslo, Norway.
Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)
|December 7, 2024
概括
对于大多数美国人来说,对科学的信任仍然很高,但政治两极分化正在扩大差距. 保守派显示信任度下降,而自由派则越来越信任科学,影响集体问题解决.
科学领域:
- 科学社会学科学社会学
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 公众论研究 公众论研究
背景情况:
- 对科学的信任对于应对社会挑战至关重要.
- 从历史上看,跨越政治意识形态的美国人在50多年来对科学表现出稳定,高度的信任.
- 人们对科学的信任面临来自政治行为者的威胁,两极分化和全球危机.
研究的目的:
- 分析美国人对科学信任的历史趋势,特别是政治取向.
- 调查不同政治团体之间最近信任水平的差异.
主要方法:
- 对公众对科学信任的历史趋势的分析.
- 通过对几十年的政治取向进行细分的信任数据的检查.
- 识别最近的转变和导致信任水平变化的因素.
主要成果:
- 自20世纪90年代以来,政治观点对科学信任的趋势逐渐不同.
- 自2018年以来,信任差距的急剧和快速扩大.
- 最近的变化是由保守派的信任下降和自由派的信任增加所驱动的.
结论:
- 现有的理论无法充分解释最近信任的迅速分歧.
- 对科学机构的不同态度威胁到集体解决问题的能力.
- 对决策和政治话语的共同基础的侵蚀是一个重大问题.
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