长时间与短时间接触可卡因改变了雄性大鼠对可卡因的行为抑制
Taena Hanson1, Dustin J Stairs2
1Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
|December 7, 2024
概括
延长可卡因接触会损害大鼠的行为抑制,这表明严重可卡因使用史和未来使用毒品的自我控制能力降低之间存在联系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 成研究 研究成研究
背景情况:
- 冲动性和行为抑制是滥用物质,特别是可卡因使用障碍的关键因素.
- 冲动的模式因可卡因使用史和依赖程度而异.
- 扩展可卡因获取模式有问题的使用,与有限的获取相比,减少行为抑制.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用低强化率差异 (DRL) 计划,研究延长可卡因接触对行为抑制的影响.
- 检查长时间接触可卡因如何影响对寻求可卡因行为的自我控制.
主要方法:
- 雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠通过DRL计划通过静脉注射自给可卡因.
- 鼠被分为扩展 (6小时) 和短时间 (1小时) 的可卡因接入组,共10次.
- 行为抑制在DRL可卡因自给疗程后访问和洗期后进行评估.
主要成果:
- 与基线相比,在延长可卡因接入 (LgA) 的老鼠在DRL会议期间显著减弱行为抑制.
- 与可卡因暴露后的短接入 (ShA) 鼠相比,LgA大鼠表现出更糟糕的行为抑制.
- 这些发现表明,长时间使用可卡因对自我控制有不利影响.
结论:
- 延长可卡因使用时间会损害对未来可卡因使用的行为抑制.
- 有过严重可卡因使用史的个人可能表现出自我控制能力下降,增加复发风险.
- 这项研究提供了临床前证据,将长时间的可卡因暴露与与成相关的行为控制缺陷联系起来.
相关概念视频
01:36Mismatch Repair
Overview
01:16In-vitro Mutagenesis
To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
01:20Mismatch Repair
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
01:08Timing and Consequences on Behavior
In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective.
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant factor...
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant factor...