由于短暂的景观储存而造成的延迟环境污染 - - 小安地列群岛的一个例子
Rémi Bizeul1, Oriane Lajoie1, Olivier Cerdan2
1Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE-IPSL), Université Paris-Saclay, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8212 (CEA/CNRS/UVSQ), Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|December 7, 2024
概括
密集的香种植导致了 (有机杀虫剂) 的污染. 这项研究揭示了高侵蚀率和从土壤转移到水体的颗粒结合的化,持续了数千年.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 水文学的水文学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 在法国西印度群岛的密集香种植中,从1972年到1993年,广泛使用了化 (一种有机杀虫剂).
- 甲对环境和健康构成重大风险,促使对其转移进行研究,但与颗粒结合的分数仍未得到充分研究.
- 以前的研究主要集中在甲的溶解分量上,忽视了粒子结合组件的环境命运.
研究的目的:
- 在一个热带农业流域 (1980-2023) 中,重建了数十年的侵蚀率和颗粒转移.
- 调查香种植园土壤中化污染的沉积物的形成和侵蚀.
- 评估在农业景观中遗留的甲污染的长期持续性和影响.
主要方法:
- 来自农业水库的沉积物核心的分析,以确定沉积物积累和侵蚀速度.
- 在香种植园的山坡上采样和分析土壤核,以确定污染热点和沉积区.
- 从土壤侵蚀转移到下游水体的颗粒结合的甲转移的量化.
主要成果:
- 记录了高的侵蚀率 (平均10t ha-1yr-1),明显超过热带环境中可容忍的土壤损失率 (2.2t ha-1yr-1).
- 在山坡的脚上发现了大量含有甲污染的沉积物,导致了大量的颗粒结合的甲再动员.
- 自2006年以来,克罗德转移到水库的数量显著增加,这与农业实践的变化相吻合.
结论:
- 遗留的甲污染仍然存在于坡沉积区,估计居住时间为4,000至11,000年.
- 有效的土地管理策略对于缓解土壤侵蚀和保护水体免受正在进行的化转移至关重要.
- 建议尽量减少侵蚀土壤的农业做法,如除草剂的应用和密集的耕,以减少污染风险.
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