在炎症性肠道疾病期间缺乏SARS-CoV-2混合免疫力
Amin Alirezaylavasani1, Ingrid Marie Egner1, Børresdatter Dahl2
1Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
|December 7, 2024
概括
患有炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的患者对COVID-19疫苗和感染的免疫反应发生变化. 突破性感染可以提高抗体水平,但不能提高细胞免疫力,这表明需要针对IBD患者量身定制的疫苗策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 服用免疫抑制剂的炎症性肠病 (IBD) 患者面临严重COVID-19的高风险.
- 了解对SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种和突破性感染 (BTI) 的免疫反应对于这个脆弱群体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在接种疫苗后的IBD患者和BTI中调查系统性炎症和对SARS-CoV-2的细胞免疫反应.
- 确定最佳的疫苗策略和疗法,以增强IBD患者的COVID-19免疫力.
主要方法:
- 在IBD患者和健康捐赠者 (HD) 之间对血清和细胞免疫反应的比较分析.
- 疫苗接种后对抗体水平 (抗RBD IgG),记忆B细胞和CD8 T细胞反应的评估以及BTI.
主要成果:
- 与HD相比,IBD患者在第三剂疫苗接种后的血清反应率较低,抗体减弱速度更快.
- 突破性感染增加了IBD患者的抗RBDIgG和Spike特异性记忆B细胞.
- 细胞免疫反应在BTI后没有显著增强;相反,SARS-CoV-2特异性和旁观者CD8 T细胞被激活.
结论:
- 在IBD的慢性炎症复杂化了对SARS-CoV-2的免疫反应.
- 需要量身定制的疫苗方案和抗炎疗法来改善IBD患者对SARS-CoV-2的细胞免疫力.
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