在一个不确定的世界里,错误会更令人厌恶吗? 测试一种随机对照试验中不确定性对与错误相关的负面影响的影响
Hannes Per Carsten1, Kai Härpfer1, Marcelo Malbec2
1Department of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Germany.
概括
这项研究发现,对不确定性的不容忍与与错误相关的消极性 (ERN) 之间没有强有力的联系,这是内化障碍的标志物. 诱导不确定性并没有改变大学生的ERN,质疑以前的关联.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 心理生理学 心理生理学
背景情况:
- 过度活跃的错误监测,通过与错误相关的负面性 (ERN) 来衡量,是内部化精神病理学的潜在跨诊断风险标志物.
- 以前的研究表明,ERN与个人不容忍不确定性 (IU) 的差异之间存在关联.
研究的目的:
- 复制和扩展以前关于IU和ERN之间的关联的发现.
- 调查国家不确定性对ERN的潜在因果影响.
- 检查IU子结构 (前性和抑制性IU) 与ERN之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一个预先注册的,随机控制的设计被用在N=120名大学生身上.
- 参与者完成了基线ERN评估.
- 干预组 (n=30) 执行了一个无法解决的概率学习任务,以诱导状态不确定性,而对照组 (n=30) 则休息.
- 干预后重新评估了ERN和自我报告的不确定性.
- 为了增加统计能力,进行了包括两个额外样本 (总N=355) 在内的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 横截面分析显示,IU对ERN没有显著影响.
- 干预成功地增加了干预组中自我报告的不确定性.
- 没有发现与状态不确定性诱导相关的ERN变化的证据.
- 用更大的样本进行复制尝试并没有加强IU和ERN之间的关联.
结论:
- 单个IU差异与ERN之间的联系可能不如以前认为的那么强大.
- 在引入状态不确定性后,ERN没有变化,这就质疑了IU与ERN之间的直接机械联系.
- 在非临床人群中,ERN似乎不受短期症状诱发的影响,这与将ERN增加与焦虑联系在一起的研究结果一致.
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