在重大腹部紧急手术后, Delirium 预防计划的结果:一项干预性研究
Katrine F Finne1, Tine Thorup1,2, Anders Peter G Skovsen1,3
1Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark.
结构化的非药物干预显著减少了接受紧急手术的老年人手术后妄想. 这种方法改善了患者的治疗结果,但没有增加死亡率或停留时间.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 手术并发症 手术并发症
- 患者安全 患者安全
背景情况:
- 手术后妄想是紧急手术后的常见并发症,与增加的发病率和死亡率有关.
- 目前的临床治疗方法各不相同,药物治疗妄已被证明是无效的.
- 需要有效的策略来缓解老年手术患者的术后妄想.
研究的目的:
- 评估结构化,非药物,多学科干预措施在减少术后妄想发病率方面的有效性.
- 评估干预对死亡率,术后并发症和住院时间的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项干预性研究涉及65岁及以上的患者,他们在8个月内接受了主要的腹部紧急手术.
- 干预措施包括加强查,为工作人员,患者和家人提供全面教育,病房修改,以及护士领导的每日运动和感官刺激.
- 结果与无法匹配的历史对照队列进行了比较,其中 Delirium 发生是主要结果.
主要成果:
- 干预组的 Delirium 发病率明显较低 (6.2%),与历史队列 (15.2%,p=0.038) 相比.
- 多变量分析证实了干预组的妄率降低 (OR 0.185,p=0.026).
- 干预组的整体医疗并发症明显较低 (37%vs. 63%,p<0.001),90天死亡率或逗留时间没有显著差异.
结论:
- 结构化的集群干预可以有效地预防在接受紧急手术的老年患者中出现术后妄想.
- 虽然干预措施没有减少死亡率或停留时间,但它消除了对补充护理人员的需求.
- 这种非药理学方法为改善患者安全和减少妄想发病率提供了一个有希望的策略.
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