昆虫病原菌作为昆虫种群的致死因子:一篇综述
Robin Gielen1, Kadri Ude1, Ants Kaasik1
1Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia.
Ecology and evolution
|December 9, 2024
概括
昆虫病原菌 (EPF) 很少在自然生态系统中引起昆虫种群流行. 虽然各种各样的真菌病原体感染了许多昆虫物种,但它们的流行率通常很低,这表明与捕食者和寄生虫相比,它们的作用很小.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 自然敌人对昆虫种群动态和进化有很大的影响.
- 在自然生态系统中,昆虫病原体,特别是昆虫病原菌 (EPF) 的生态作用比捕食者和寄生虫的理解要少.
- 对于生物控制而言,EPF已被广泛研究,但它们在野生昆虫种群中的流行程度仍未得到充分记录.
研究的目的:
- 综合现有的关于EPF感染在自然昆虫种群中流行率的案例研究.
- 检查主要昆虫种群和真菌病原体中EPF流行率的变化.
- 与其他自然敌人相比,评估EPF在自然生态系统中的生态意义.
主要方法:
- 对79个案例研究的元分析报告了现场人群中EPF感染的情况.
- 提取有关真菌流行,宿主昆虫物种和真菌类别的数据.
- 统计分析以比较昆虫群体,真菌群体和地理区域之间的流行率.
主要成果:
- 分析了122种感染104种昆虫的真菌物种的数据.
- 在分析中,EPF感染的平均患病率为8.2%,这表明死亡率的影响低于捕食者/寄生虫.
- 在主要昆虫种群中没有发现流行率的实质差异,但在真菌种群中存在中等差异 (Neozygitales最高,Eurotiales最低).
- 热带和温带地区的EPF总体患病率没有显著差异,尽管特定的真菌种群显示出地理模式.
- 温带研究表明,在生长季节结束时,感染流行率可能会增加.
- 昆虫种群通常是多样化的EPF组合的主机,但感染很少达到流行病水平.
结论:
- 昆虫病原菌在自然昆虫种群中很常见,但很少引起广泛的死亡.
- 它们的生态影响似乎比捕食者和寄生虫的生态影响要少.
- 在自然环境中对多种真菌病原体组合的进一步研究对于全面了解它们的作用至关重要.
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