从2023-2024年开始,呼吸道共性病毒疾病负担和幼儿内irsevimab的有效性
Heidi L Moline1,2, Ariana P Toepfer1, Ayzsa Tannis1
1Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA pediatrics
|December 9, 2024
概括
新的RSV预防产品如nirsevimab在保护婴儿免受呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 相关的急性呼吸道疾病 (ARI) 的高效性. 这项研究强调了预防产品覆盖率增加对公共卫生的潜在影响.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
背景情况:
- 呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 对幼儿造成重大疾病负担.
- 新的预防产品,包括nirsevimab和母体RSV疫苗,被推用于2023-2024赛季.
- 许可后的研究对于评估这些干预措施的实际影响和有效性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 将2023-2024赛季5岁以下儿童的RSV流行病学和疾病负担与大流行前 (2017-2020) 赛季进行比较.
- 估计尼尔塞维玛布对医疗护理的RSV相关急性呼吸道疾病 (ARI) 的有效性.
- 根据婴儿接收状态分析循环RSV菌株中nirsevimab结合部位突变.
主要方法:
- 用分子RSV检测对医疗护理的ARI进行前性基于人口的监测.
- 对RSV阳性样本的全基因组测序.
- 试验负的病例控制设计,以评估8个月以下婴儿的nirsevimab有效性.
主要成果:
- 在2023-2024年,RSV流行率和住院率与大流行前的水平相似.
- 尼尔西维马布在医疗护理的RSV相关ARI中显示出89%的有效性,在住院治疗中显示出93%的有效性.
- 根据接受nirsevimab的情况,没有观察到nirsevimab结合部位突变的显著差异.
结论:
- 接受医疗治疗的RSV相关的ARI仍然是美国幼儿的重大公共卫生问题.
- 尼尔西维马布可显著保护婴儿免受RSV相关的疾病和住院治疗.
- 公平和增加预防产品的覆盖率有可能带来未来的重大公共卫生益处.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:31Common Respiratory Disorders
290
Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
290
01:51Vaccinations
44.1K
Overview
44.1K
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
1.9K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
1.9K
01:15Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines
207
Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...
207
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
174
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
174
01:17Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview
349
Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
349