关于卫生和护理工作者保护和权利的法律:对182个国家的研究
Matthew M Kavanagh1,2, Adi Radakrishnan2, Vishakh Unnikrishnan2
1Department of Global Health, Georgetown University School of Health, Washington, DC, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|December 9, 2024
概括
保护护理工作者的全球卫生法律显示出重大差距. 虽然许多国家在安全和公平报酬方面保持一致,但只有不到25%的国家确保平等待遇和获得医疗服务,这凸显了迫切需要改革法律的必要性.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生法 全球卫生法
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 劳动权利 劳动权利
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行暴露了全球卫生和护理工作者面临的关键挑战.
- 这导致呼吁制定全球卫生和护理工作者契约,以维护工人的权利和福利.
- 该协议旨在指导政府使用法律和政策来保护医疗保健专业人员.
研究的目的:
- 在182个国家实证分析影响健康和护理工作者的权利和保护的国家法律和政策.
- 评估这些法律是否符合"护理契约"中概述的国际标准.
- 识别法律保护中的差距,并为必要的法律改革提供信息.
主要方法:
- 政策监督方法用于识别和分析法律和政策.
- 调查对182个国家的1262个国家法律和政策进行了审查.
- 对全球卫生和护理工作者契约的10个关键指标进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 只有62%的分析的国家法律完全符合"护理契约",几乎每个国家都有不符合的领域.
- 在职业健康和安全,公平报酬和结社自由方面存在很高的调整 (超过50%).
- 在获得医疗服务 (不到25%的协调) 和平等待遇/非歧视 (不到25%的协调) 方面仍然存在重大差距.
结论:
- 尽管一些国家表现出了可行的调整,但全球需要实质性的法律改革,以保护卫生和护理工作者.
- 解决非歧视和获得医疗服务的差距对于改善工人福祉至关重要.
- 加强对卫生和护理工作者的法律框架对于提高整体卫生系统性和人口健康结果至关重要.
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