植物性肉类替代品和心脏代谢健康:系统性审查和元分析
Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez1, Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni2, Valentina Díaz-Goñi3
1Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|December 9, 2024
概括
在成年人中,取代肉类的植物性肉类替代品 (PBMA) 显著降低了LDL胆固醇,总胆固醇和体重. 需要进一步的长期研究来证实这些心脏代谢效应.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 饮食干预 饮食干预
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,植物性肉类替代品 (PBMA) 越来越多.
- 用PBMA取代肉类对心脏代谢健康的影响尚不清楚.
- 这项研究研究了PBMA消费对心脏代谢参数的影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 评估用PBMA替代肉对成人心脏代谢健康的影响.
- 为了评估血脂,血压,禁食葡萄糖和体重的变化.
主要方法:
- 在2024年7月之前,对五个数据库进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括与没有心血管疾病的PBMA替代肉类进行比较的RCT.
- 用随机效应模型对≥4项研究的结果进行聚合数据的元分析.
主要成果:
- 分析了7个涉及369名成人的RCT.
- 观察到的LDL胆固醇 (-0.25 mmol/L),总胆固醇 (-0.29 mmol/L) 和体重 (-0.72 kg) 的显著降低.
- 在HDL-胆固醇,甘油三,血压或禁食葡萄糖中没有显著的变化. 基于菌蛋白的PBMA显示显著降低了LDL-C和TC.
结论:
- 在没有心血管疾病的成年人中,短期 (≤8周) 用PBMA替代肉类降低了总胆固醇,LDL胆固醇和体重.
- PBMAs显示出在促进过渡到植物性饮食方面的潜力.
- 为了充分了解PBMA消费对心脏代谢的影响,长期研究是必不可少的.
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